Project Name: [Im]permanence in Architecture - A Case of Premabhai Hall
Student Name: Srivibhu Viraj
Awards: Presented at the Kurula Varkey Design Forum 2023 as a Student panelist | National winner at Transparence 18.0 by Saint Gobain | Honorable Mention at Charles Correa Gold Medal 2023 | Finalist at LSR Thesis Symposium 2023 | Finalist at Kaarwan Thesis Competition 2023
Excerpt: ‘[Im]permanence in Architecture – A Case of Premabhai hall’ is an architecture thesis by Srivibhu Viraj from the L.S. Raheja School of Architecture that explores the concept of impermanence in architecture within places where the transient threshold is evident. The project looks at the case of Premabhai Hall as a hypothetical example for an alternative design approach in the dynamic context of old Ahmedabad‘s Bhadra Plaza. This approach maps the building’s life using cultural shifts and proposes interventions to ensure its relevance and avoid obsolescence.
Introduction: Nature is a rich medium because of its course and ability for dramatic transformation. People, context, climates, and times all change. So why can’t architecture be designed to accommodate this evolution and stay relevant with the times? It is essential to acknowledge the contradiction between impermanence and permanence. It allows one to gain improved perceptions of people, places, and spaces.
‘[Im]permanence in Architecture’ is a pursuit to consider the capacity of the incomplete, imperfect, and impermanent and to engage the user with something old and something new. Imagination, association, and relation are thus used to perceive design as a continuous state of tangible elements and relate it to the natural growth cycle of transition and existence that functions as a potential solution in response to the changes in the cultural and contextual domains.
When we say that the context and times change, does that mean that, as architects, we must adjust to the changing times by modifying the built environment and meeting evolving needs? The project challenges us to consider impermanence and the conceptual evolution of our ideas across time and space. Looking at Buildings as Beings and their response to Change and Changelessness as a phenomenon.
The case of Premabhai Hall – A montage depicting the Character of the Bhadra Fort PrecinctA first-hand experience with the site led to raising several questionsBased on the findings of the thesis, the concept of impermanence in architecture was to be experimented within places where the transient threshold is evident. A site that is entirely subject to the changing fluxes, situated in a contemporary urban setting that contrasts the old and the new. Such a concept must be put into practice immediately.
The site and its dense surroundingsA site plan depicting the scenario of the 1960’s when the hall was first commissionedThe Premabhai Hall situated in the middle of the crowded Bhadra Fort Plaza at Ahmedabad city is one such location that meets all the requirements. Ahmedabad’s vibrant and constantly bustling old city is evidence of the city’s unique qualities and rich and varied culture. The Bhadra fort being the age-old landmark governs the context. The dynamism of the context highlights the need for impermanence in architecture.
Mapping the nature and dynamism of the contextThe building, designed by Ar. B.V. Doshi in the city center was aimed to become a center for culture and arts. However, due to several causes, the hall has remained shut for over 25 years now. Somehow such huge infrastructure has lost its usage and purpose.
The connection towards the design ideation processThe Case of Premabhai Hall is considered as a mere hypothetical understanding for the thesis idea to be implemented as an alternative approach in such a dynamic context of the old city of Ahmedabad – The Bhadra Plaza. An alternate approach of design in which the building’s life is mapped using several possible cultural shifts that are observed and interventions that are planned as responses to help the building remain relevant rather than become obsolete on occasion.
Design Process
Phasing of the design program based on the potential cultural shifts anticipated through the timelineDesigning a building inspired by a narrative of time is an intriguing concept. Adopting a narrative design approach, in which a series of events is taken into consideration during the design process so that the end result can change, evolve, and blend in with the surroundings. Rather than viewing architecture as a one-stop go, consider it as a process that continuously evolves by incorporating new techniques and practical solutions to become a self-sustaining model.
Development of the primary auditorium building in the first phaseStarting from a bold ‘what if‘ concept, it reimagines the purpose of Premabhai Hall and lets the architecture tell its story. It emphasises how the building may evolve after it is constructed, becoming a part of its environment and having a broader impact while also influencing the locality. The plaza is an ideal setting for exploring concepts like impermanence in architecture because of its rich cultural significance, daily routine involving thousands of people, temporal shifts, and seasonal occupation shifts. Having said that, one has to wonder about the massive private infrastructure—like an auditorium—in a densely populated area and how long it will remain relevant.
Each phase enables different aspects of the architecture along with the immediate surroundings, thus creating a larger impact.Therefore, to reconsider the proposal at the same site, using the auditorium’s similar design brief from the era when the hall was first constructed in the 1960s, the design programme is envisioned as an alternative design approach where the building’s life—an auditorium, in this case—is mapped through a series of possible events while taking cues from the context’s timeline and framing it in the form of a storyline method.
Spatial narrative with essential interventions through time and space in each phaseThis allowed a better understanding of the change that accompanied a built form while questioning its relevance from time to time. The proposed interventions are a response to ensure the building’s continued relevance and ability to withstand evolving times and demands. The overall built form is made more responsive and adaptable by strategically applying primary construction techniques with a futuristic understanding of the changes that it may undergo.
Final Outcome
The project is divided into four phases. The age of innovation sought to establish a distinct identity; the age of rising demand sought to accommodate density and new trends; the age of heritage restored the plaza’s historical significance; and the era of interpretation left scope for the futuristic growth of the precinct in a self-sustainable manner. Each phase broadens the mapping of sustainability over a built entity’s lifespan, enabling it to evolve. To ensure its sustainability, it made more sense to subtly incorporate the architecture into the responsive narratives of public buildings like auditoriums and places like Ahmedabad’s Bhadra Plaza.
Phase 01Phase 01: Site plan through the first Phase of the proposal – Building an auditorium blockPhase 01: An Auditorium and Town Hall
The decade of the 1960’s was where Ahmedabad witnessed itself moving to a post industrialist phase in its development. Newer architectural projects were being commissioned across the city to build a new identity for the recently formed state and municipal corporation. Given the time frame, Premabhai Hall was also commissioned. The original brief’s intent was to re-envision a socio-cultural space in the heart of the old city in the form of an auditorium.
But…. the cultural fluxes of the time back then led to its immediate disuse!
Phase 01: Ground floor plan – The Auditorium Block | Phase 01: First Floor Plan – The Balcony LevelArchitectural Details associated with each phase that allow adaptability and transformationPhase 01: Site SectionsConsidering a similar time frame and the same brief given to the Architect in 1960’s, the proposal here deals with a 800 seater capacity auditorium with a plaza attached to it as the initiation of the brief and how it all began. Owing to the rich context of the site, the building is positioned while respecting the heritage buildings around and aiding the existing functions of the precinct. Auditorium here is looked at as a social space supporting the arts and culture in an age of social instability.
Phase 02: A Cinescope Cinema Theatre
Phase 02Phase 02: Site plan through the second phase of the proposal – Integrating the increasing demand for consumer-centric spaces | Phase 02: First floor plan – The balcony level converted into a Cinescope Theatre as a response to changing trendsAny architect’s work at that time was a reflection of the politician’s imagination (certain kind of imagination) of an Independent India – (a pressure to build a new nation from the ground up). This time frame was particularly when migrant population in the old city increased, city was getting more accommodating, the demand side of the chain increased for goods and commodities as well as art and culture were taking new turns adapting to the changing lifestyle of the time and available commodities.
Phase 02: Site SectionsArchitectural Details associated with each phase that allow adaptability and transformationGiven the time frame and the phase 01 of the design, the next 20 years are envisioned to accommodate newer demands in the urban life of the people. An exponential increase in the market vendors in the Bhadra precinct and Cinemas becoming the talk of the town, the Auditorium now accommodates its phase 02 of evolution where a cinema theatre and a vending market becomes a part of the design programme, thus evolving the existing into a beneficial need based infrastructure of the time.
Phase 03: An Exhibition Centre
Phase 03Phase 03: Site Plan through the third phase of the proposal – Context embraces the vision of Heritage CityAhmedabad applied to be on the tentative world heritage list. The Bhadra redevelopment project was influenced by JNNURM narratives, World heritage city narrative and imagination of B V Doshi and his quest of what a modern public place in modern India would be like. The proposals for the plaza redevelopment were made in this time frame, primarily to enhance tourism and to give Ahmedabad global acclaim. In such a time period, redundant infrastructure right at the heritage core of the city not adding value to the present need is a thing to reconsider.
Phase 03: Ground Floor Plan – The auditorium block transforms to integrate multiple performative spaces for newer requirements of the new age | Phase 03: Ground floor Plan – While the auditorium block multiplies into smaller spaces for multiple uses, it still can function as an auditorium when required through newer construction techniquesPhase 03: Site SectionsArchitectural Details associated with each phase that allow adaptability and transformationHence, the design proposal in its third phase based on the requirement of the time and context, accommodates more functions within its preexisting shell with feasible iterations at limited expense to make the built more useful to todays needs. The auditorium here begins its journey into transforming into a convention center where all kinds of social and political events could take place which would help boost the tourism of the city as intended.
Phase 04: A Convention Centre
Phase 04Phase 04: Site Plan through the fourth phase of the proposal – Futuristic potential of smart city interventions in a new age cultural hub. | Phase 04: Ground Floor Plan – The auditorium block now functions as a larger convention spaceTangential shift in practises due to technological advancements have challenged the whole notion of something eternal. In such a scene, the architecture gets questioned about its existence as a forever lasting subject. This age is defined in one or more ways for human kind. In such a fast paced environment, the necessity for architecture to become more accomodating is important. Working along with the existing and sensitively responding to change, allows better and optimum usage of built entities.
Phase 04: Site SectionsArchitectural Details associated with each phase that allow adaptability and transformationThe auditorium here starts operating like a convention center in the old city providing mutiple spaces for several events, programs, meets to take place at the same time, integrating the precinct as a plaza for the visitors and the locals proving a holisting experience. The plaza here embraces the chaos of the existing and works along with it to make it a more tangible goal.
Architectural Evolution: Technology that defines the development in each phase.Architectural Evolution: Technology that defines the development in each phase.This design proposal is not looking at the storyline as something that challenges the existing, but rather draws attention to possibilities that could be explored. However, phase four of the program is not aimed to be the end of this story, but rather a milestone in the development of the plaza into a new age cultural hub woven around a built form – an auditorium.
A site plan envisioned the development of the plaza after the four phases of proposed development.Conclusion: The project uses Premabhai Hall as a model to explore the impermanence and conceptual evolution of ideas. Viewing buildings as beings responding to change and changelessness, the project showcases an alternate design approach that maps the building’s life using cultural shifts and proposes interventions to maintain relevance.
[This Academic Project has been published with text submitted by the student]
Site Context
Design Process
Final Outcome
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